Legal and ethical issues of discrimination

Legal and ethical issues of discrimination In an effort to curtail discrimination, implementing new strategies and proposing these new hiring practices are vital. It is not a good ethical policy for employees to be able to screen and pick and choose who gets to be interviewed, as in this case. Company hiring practices if done with good judgment and a strong moral and ethically correct agenda, can benefit the organization as a whole. Furthermore, discrimination in the workplace is disruptive and harmful to the effects on business operations and its culture, whether in the present or the past. By getting rid of old outdated policy and allowing for more diverse interaction with employees, we can create a multi-cultural environment. Also reciprocating this is the fact that managed correctly, the atmosphere will cause increases in retention rates and reduce turnover. Because our time was put into defining specific goals of the organization, that needed to be met to receive consideration for employment. Therefore, this organization needs a more efficient way to determine the necessary steps in the hiring procedure. The current process of hiring prospective employees is based on a biased view that too much diversity is a bad thing. New employee assessments are needed to help predict whether potential hires are motivated by the factors associated with a particular job. It is true that companies have to be cautious and should be concerned about negligent hiring but outright discrimination is an undesirable practice. Making sound hiring decisions and performing detailed background checks on qualified potential employees can decrease employment risks later caused by premature termination. (Berris, 2009) This company is small but can benefit from forming a streamline, non-negligent hiring process, by setting up a structured, non-discriminatory process for existing and new hires. Negligent hiring means the company can be put into legal trouble if it could have foreseen a potential issue but acts negligently by not d oing a thorough check of the new employee, before hiring. This company had a tendency to overlook steps to reduce the likelihood of a hiring mistake. This company looks past a lot of qualified employees due to its biased hiring practices and may hire problem employees unknowingly. This potential failure is heightened because management chooses to hire off of appearance and fails to accurately assess a potential employees way of thinking and handling situations or their particular skill needed for the job. Quality, knowledge and skill sets need to be the reason for hiring/not hiring someone, not their appearance and this is how you decide who to hire. (Aly Shields, 2010) When individuals are discriminated against because of defining characteristics such as their race, gender or age, this is some of the most blatant forms of discrimination. Personally, I believe the most qualified person should receive the job, regardless of race, ethnicity. If discrimination does not exist, it certainly has a solid historical foundation for its existence. As evidenced in this scenario, a potential employee is shut out of the hiring process, based solely on his ethnicity. When employers violate workplace discrimination laws, legally they can be sued by the person or persons and receive bad publicity and other consequences. Discrimination occurs when an employee suffers from unfair treatment due to their race, religion, national origin. Proving discrimination is difficult as is can occur in a number of work-related areas, during your initial hiring phase, during training or even after you get the job and have to participate in job evaluations. According to Smith, unfai r treatment does not necessarily equal unlawful discrimination, treating a person differently from others violates Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) laws only when the treatment is based on the presence of a protected section under discrimination, rather than on the job performance. As far as ethnicity goes, Americans come in every colour shape and size and a successful business is one that understands its customers and knows how to meet their needs. (2010) The more diverse an organization is, the more likely it becomes a center piece of the community. Affirmative action helps to cut down on discrimination, past and present, but it is not a complete solution. The objective of its policies include the elimination of hiring and advancement discrimination; ensuring multicultural employment and to achieve a diverse and much more representative workforce. The results guide a prospective manager about how best to motivate, manage and develop potential employees in a new role. It has helped but the effort to increase the number of minorities in upper management and leadership roles in educational institutions is still a struggle and needs to continue. Needless to say there is a long history of racism and discrimination against blacks and minorities, which went unnoticed. Where was the need to strive for equality then as it is now? The evidence of all types of discrimination against minorities led to a decisive need for action, ethics and morals were the same then as they are now. Ethics are the societal application of what is right and wr ong while morals are an individuals belief of what is right and wrong. Is one to say that the U.S lacked morals and good ethical practices and this is why the need for affirmative action gave rise? Morals are instilled in every man woman and child, it is a sense of what is right and wrong and good ethical behavior builds off of good morals. There is no doubt that affirmative action has helped with the vast gap between blacks and whites in areas such as education, employment. Those that do not share positive views on affirmative action will state that it is discrimination to harbor or give away special considerations and benefits on the foundation that people have certain characteristics. Affirmative action programs that benefit minorities have been under attack in the halls of Congress and scrutinized for reverse racism against the whites. This is a valid argument but how can one ignore the imbalance of societal benefits that are obviously lacked by minorities. (Devata Kappelman 20 10) Ethically this is thesible but morally this argument should have never existed. For years the morality of America went unquestioned in the treatment of minorities, years beyond slavery and what individual or group has a right or an ethic ground to stand against affirmative action. Legally government has tried to mandate it and courts have tried to uphold its presence but to no avail. Again I ask where the outrage was when affirmative action was white. The opposition to affirmative action argues that the foundation that the U.S is built upon requires that government treats all of its citizens as individual persons without regard to their ethical status, and again I ask where this creed was during slavery and years after. This is truly a divisive issue and one cannot employ the constitution when needed and dismiss it when not.

How to Write a Persuasive Essay

English 1021 Diagnostic Essay Some people believe that writing an essay is extremely hard. They are wrong. If you have the correct information, time, and a cup of coffee you should have no problem. There are many different types of essays, for example, an informative essay, a research paper, or a persuasive essay. Although they all have a different overall theme and purpose for being written, they all have the same outline for how exactly to write it. No matter what you always start off with an introduction, then you move to your supporting paragraphs, and end with a conclusion.Here is the in depth breakdown of what a proper informative research paper should included. First thing’s first, you must always have a topic. The topic of your paper is the focus, the area that you have researched and explored. Once you find your topic, you must make sure that you have sorted out all of the available information. Topics are not always easy to find. There are some that you should avoid using such as topics based solely on one single source, and topics that are brand new or overly broad.Now that you have your topic, you must brainstorm and narrow down the topics to create and issue. The issue of the paper is the question that you are asking. When creating your issue, make sure the avoid issues that can be easily answered by just one single source. Another thing that you need to come up with is a hypothesis or tentative claim, a proposition made as a basis for reasoning, without any assumption of its truth. Test the hypothesis as you continue to research.By having a claim, you can prevent yourself from being overwhelmed by the information that you are finding. Now that you have come up with a topic and claim, you are ready to begin your research and essay. The next step of this process is to direct your essay to your audience. Ask yourself some questions. How much does my audience know about this topic? What are my readers’ expectations, interests, and needs concerning this issue? What evidence have I come up with that will inform them?Once you have asked yourself those questions it is time to start using your sources. Some of the best sources are newspapers, and books. If you are going to use the internet, which most of us do, be careful with the credibility of what you find. Once you have found a source that you believe fits your topic well, ask yourself some questions and see if the criteria of the source meets it. Is this recent information? Is the author credible or an expert on this subject? Does this information seem thoughtful and relative to the topic?Is this evidence reliable? When dealing with web sources make sure that they contain an author or are hosted by a respectable site such as a library, university, or an official association. Now that you have found your sources, it is time to continue. Taking notes on sources can sometimes be difficult. Write down some of the things that jump out to you about the topic that might b e useful. Another thing that you must write down are the page numbers that you are getting the information from.Make sure to think about why you chose to write down a particular idea and always differentiate your ideas and words from that of your source. Never forget to use quotation marks for direct quotations. Your next job is to draft your research paper. Refine your thesis as much as needed. Figure out based on your information where each source may fit in. When writing your draft, avoid using your own comments to hold together another persons idea. Now it is time for you to construct your own essay using the secondary sources that you have found to support your claims.Some things that you may need to know are how to use a summary, paraphrase, and quotation. A summary of something gives a main idea or supporting points. It is short and focuses on the main points to provide background or general support for your point. Paraphrasing put the information that you have found into new words to make sure that you and your audience understand the original information more clearly. A quotation records the exact punctuation and wording of the source that you have received it from and encloses it in quotation marks.You can use quotations when an author’s words are extremely vivid and stand out to you or when the words of that particular reliable authority would lend support to your paper. Now that you know how to summarize, paraphrase, and quote, it is imperative that you do not plagiarize. To avoid plagiarism, document everything you have learned from your sources including their language and ideas. If you express their ideas in your own words you must still give them the credit and documentation. The only exception to this is when something is common knowledge.Now that you know all of the do’s and dont’s of an informative research paper it is your turn to put them into effect. The hardest thing about an informative research paper is finding a t opic and making sure that your sources and information are credible and relative to the topic at hand. Once you have found all of the correct and credible sources for your topic you are ready to write away. Like I said earlier, many people believe that writing a research paper is extremely hard, but if you follow these steps and advice, you will never fail at writing an informative research paper.

I have been motivated to explore and learn how to write in...

I have been motivated to explore and learn how to write in English. My academic and personal experiences forced me to learn English. I thought writing was the same everywhere. I consider myself a good amateur of Spanish writing. I used to write letters to companies to Latin American ministers and presidents, so I’m usually very confident about my writing. Then, I met Mr. Callaway and what English writing really means. First thing I learned from English 081 is that as a writer, you can always improve. Before English 081, annotating and scratching was the same thing to me. I underestimated how important it is to highlight the places where the author explains and emphasizes the issue. When it came to the author’s idea I didn’t have any†¦show more content†¦The organization went from as hard as stone to easy as pie. Last but not least, what really changed my writing was the idea of letting others review my papers and make constructive critics to it. Usually, in Spanish I’m the one doing that job. It was really hard for me to accept that writing varies from language to language, and that I have to put a little more effort to English because it’s my second tongue. In English 081, I learned how to take comments positively and make changes without loosing my writing style. One valuable lesson I absorbed from Mr. Callaway was, to be confident about my papers without stop challenging myself, in order to improve and grow. Also, he taught me how to get rid of fragments. Other thing I assimilated from one of my peers was to take all the comments, positives or negatives, to enhance my work and persona.†¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Some people might find Mr. Callaway very repetitive, and get annoyed by that. However, his way of teaching helped me understand that I need to be patient and committed so that I c an be successful. What most of my classmates didn’t understand was that he was able to teach us valuable lessons, not by words but actions. 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Essay about Effect of Media Violence on Children - 1275 Words

Effect of Media Violence on Children The children of today are surrounded by technology and entertainment that is full of violence. It is estimated that the average child watches from three to five hours of television a day! Listening to music is also a time consuming pastime among children. With all of that exposure, one might pose the question, How can seeing so much violence on television and video games and hearing about violence in in music affect a childs behavior? Obviously these media have a big influence on childrens behavior: we can see it in the way they attempt to emulate their favorite rock stars by dressing in a similar style and the way children play games, imitating their favorite cartoon personalities or super†¦show more content†¦14), and Ice Cube, who goes on trial next month on charges of shooting a man to death at a bowling alley (AP Nov. 11), are seen as heroes to a lot of children. Most people would agree that they are not very good role models and that the lyrics that they write promotin g shooting policeman and raping women can have a negative affect on childrens behavior. However, there are examples of music having a positive influence on kids are also prevalent. The girl rap group Salt-N-Pepa, who are often categorized according to their sexual image, also project an image of feminine strength. Cheryl James, a.k.a Salt, said, We get compliments from women like, You inspired me to get out of an abusive relationship. It makes me feel good about what I do (AP Nov. 5). There is also some good examples of music, which brings a more positive feeling to the group. An example of this can be heard in the animaniacs compact disk. Television Television is especially influential on the children of today. Thirty years ago, not every home had a television; they were considered a luxury that only the rich could afford. Now, most households have two televisions and children watch them incessantly. Many childrens programs are extremely violent and a child can learn violent behavior from watching these programs. For example, about a month ago, in Norway, a small girl was beaten, stripped, and left to die by three boys aged 5, 6, and 6. When asked whyShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children873 Words   |  4 Pages According to the Media Education Foundation, once a child reaches eighteen years of age, they have witnessed around 200,000 acts of violence and 16,000 murders (jacksonkatz.com). Our society loves entertainment and a grand portion of this entertainment contains violence. Children constantly consume violent visuals, due to their prevalence. Majority of our society is uninterested in the effects of me dia violence since its effects do not show immediately. Misinformation is our greatest enemy in theRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children974 Words   |  4 Pagesmany kinds of media, like Internet, video game, television and film. It is generally believed that some of the bad information such as violent content in the media can have a negative effect on people, and it can end up causing some social problem. It is clear that children are more likely to be influenced by media violence than other age groups because of their world outlook and personality are not formed. Furthermore is if media violence does have some profound influence on children, this will leadRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children884 Words   |  4 Pagesis all this necessary to fabricate in the media? What are characters in movies teaching kids? What about the language in music talking about killing people and talking about violence like it’s the cool thing? What about new channels a lways talking about guns, bombs and threats to the public, is this what is influencing are children because they view it as a norm? Some may agree with this as others may disagree. Media violence is not the factor in violence today. Studies show that over 90% of homesRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children1357 Words   |  6 Pagesthe graphic cruelty and violence. According to American Psychological Association, the harmful influence of media violence on children dates back to the 1950s and 1960s, and remains strong today. A child that watches violence or hears about violence can be influenced to become violent. Indeed, in reviewing the totality of empirical evidence regarding the impact of media violence, the conclusion that exposure to violent portrayals poses a risk of harmful effects on children has been reached by theRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children1943 Words   |  8 PagesFor many years now, the media has been a big part of our lives. Almost everybody in the world is or has connected to it one way or another. It is a way for families and friends to have fun together, for interesting topics that people are interested in, or to just enjoy alone. However, there is a problem that can be seen across all types of media: violence. Violence can be seen as a distraught way to get over problems. There is judgement issues involved for violence. It is done by bullies in schoolRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children2411 Words   |  10 PagesMedia Violence is definitely harmful to children as the exposure of media violence can desensitize children (age 6-12) to violence and in the real world; violence becomes enjoyable and does not result in apprehensiveness in the child. There have been several studies and experiments regarding the adverse effects of violence used in video games, television, as well as movies. With both preschool and school-aged children, studies have found that they are more likely to imitate the violence they seeRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children2122 Words   |  9 Pagesexposed to various types of media, for example books or magazines, television, song lyrics, video games, and movies. Media often portrays, aggressive action, behaviour, and violence. This content can negatively affect not only adolescents and adults, but can have an even greater effect on children even from the moment they are exposed to it. Children who are exposed to violence in the media may display aggressive and violent behaviour. Young people especially children under the age of eight thisRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children1903 Words   |  8 Pagesdepict different forms of violence. Some people feel that there is too much violence exposed in the media. Many studies have made the claim that the media is responsible for much of the violence seen in the world we live in. However, people have choices and responsibilities we cannot allow ourselves to blame it on other things such as the media. The violence seen in our media has an impact on both adults and children. Since children are also exposed to various forms of media, there has been additionalRead MoreEffects of Media Violence on Children2430 Words   |  10 PagesThe Effect of Media Violence on Children and Levels of Aggression. It has been said that children are like sponges when it comes to attaining knowledge. This seems to be true whether they are learning to speak or how to show emotion. Feelings and emotions become more imminent once children begin to go through adolescents. Children acquire the ability to aggression, sadness, and happiness more readily. Males typically exhibit higher levels of aggression then females according to some researchRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children1270 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent forms of violence. Some people feel that there is too much violence exposed in the media. Many studies have made the claim that the media is responsible for much of the violence seen in the world we live in (List and Wolfgang). However, people have choices and responsibilities we cannot allow ourselves to blame it on other things such as the media. The violence seen in our media has an impact on both adults and children. Since children are also exposed to various forms of media, there has been

The Harlem Renaissance Essay - 524 Words

Harlem Renaissance nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Harlem Renaissance was a time of racism, injustice, and importance. Somewhere in between the 1920s and 1930s an African American movement occurred in Harlem, New York City. The Harlem Renaissance exalted the unique culture of African-Americans and redefined African-American expression. It was the result of Blacks migrating in the North, mostly Chicago and New York. There were many significant figures, both male and female, that had taken part in the Harlem Renaissance. Ida B. Wells and Langston Hughes exemplify the like and work of this movement. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Wells was a fearless anti-lynching crusader, women’s rights advocate, journalist, and speaker. After her†¦show more content†¦Wells was on of the founding members of the NAACP. In 1930, Wells was disgusted by the nominees for the state legislature, so she decided to run for Illinois State Legislature. This made her one of the first black women to run for public office in the U.S. The Harlem Renaissance exalted the unique culture of African-Americans and redefined African-American expression. She was a person who never stopped believing in what she thought or knew was important to her and other people of her race and gender. She had to have a large amount of courage to do all that she has accomplished in her time, and this is why she is an important figure to the Harlem Renaissance. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Langston Hughes was one of the most important writers and thinkers of the Harlem Renaissance. Hughes creative intellect was influenced by his life in New York City’s Harlem neighborhood. Hughes had a very strong sense of racial pride. Through his works he promoted racial equality and celebrated the African American culture. It was in Lincoln, Illinois that Hughes started to write his poetry. In November 1924, he moved to Washington D.C. where he published his first book of poetry. Hughes is known for his insightful, colorful portrayals of black life in America. Langston is also known for his commitment to jazz. Hughes refused to distinguish between his personal and common understandings of black America. HeShow MoreRelatedHarlem And The Harlem Renaissance Essay2269 Words   |  10 Pagessouthern African Americans migrated to a city called Harlem in New York. They relocated due to dogmatism and intolerance of melanin diverging out the of pores of many white southerners. The African Americans who migrated found new opportunities both economic and artistic that resulted to the creation of a stable middle class Black –Americans (Dover, 2006). This was the Harlem Renaissance a cultural, social, and artistic explosion. The core of Harlem expressed by Alain Locke is that through art, â€Å"negroRead MoreHarlem And The Harlem Renaissance1430 Words   |  6 Pagesmoved in to urban cities such as Chicago, Detroit, and Harlem. Out of these northern metropolises, the most popular was Harlem; â€Å"here in Manhattan (Harlem) is not merely the largest Negro community in the world, but the first concentration in history of so many diverse element of Negro life†(1050). Harlem became the mecca of black people, and between the years of 1920 and the late 1930s it was known as the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance, brought artiest, poets, writers, musicians, and intelligentRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance850 Words   |   4 Pages Giselle Villanueva History IB Mr. Flores February 7, 2016 Period 4 Word Count: 693 Harlem Renaissance The Harlem Renaissance was the first period in the history of the United States in which a group of black poets, authors, and essayist seized the opportunity to express themselves. The Great Migration was the movement of six million African Americans from the rural South to the cities of the North during 1916 to 1970. Driven from their homes by unsatisfactory economic opportunities and harsh segregationistRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance1154 Words   |  5 PagesIV AP 16 November 2015 The Harlem Renaissance The early 1900s was a time marked with tragedy in America. Started and ended with the Great Depression in between, it was not America s finest moment. Prohibition was in place, the Klu Klux Klan was still marching, and the Lost Generation was leaving for Paris. But despite the troubling times, people still found beauty and meaning in the world around them. They still created art and celebrated life. The Harlem Renaissance was an artistic and literaryRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance941 Words   |  4 PagesThe Harlem Renaissance was a cultural movement, in the early 1920’s, that involved vibrancies of new life, ideas, and perceptions. The large migration of African Americans northward, after World War I, allowed people of color the opportunity to collaborate in the New York City neighborhood, known as Harlem. This renaissance allowed the city to thrive on a refined understanding and appreciation of the arts. Many individuals were involved in this movement including doctors, s tudents, shopkeepers,Read MoreThe Harlem Renaissance1317 Words   |  6 Pagesday is the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance is the cultural movement of the 1920’s. The movement essentially kindled a new black cultural identity through art, literature and intellect. The Harlem Renaissance started during the Roaring Twenties. It took place in Harlem, New York. It became most prominent in the mid to late 1920’s and it diminished toward the early 1930’s (Henderson). The Harlem Renaissance was initially called the New Negro Movement or the New Negro Renaissance. It was theRead More The Harlem Renaissance Essay1513 Words   |  7 PagesThe Harlem Renaissance      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chapter 1 Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Harlem Renaissance, an African American cultural movement of the 1920s and early 1930s that was centered in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City. According to Wintz: The Harlem Renaissance was â€Å"variously known as the New Negro movement, the New Negro Renaissance, and the Negro Renaissance, the movement emerged toward the end of World War I in 1918, blossomed in the mid- to late 1920s, and then withered in the mid-1930sRead MoreHarlem Renaissance Essay1069 Words   |  5 PagesHARLEM RENAISSANCE Throughout the history of African Americans, there have been important historical figures as well as times. Revered and inspirational leaders and eras like, Martin Luther King and the Civil Rights Movement, Nat Turner and the slave revolt, or Huey Newton and the Black Panther Party. One such period that will always remain a significant part of black art and culture is the Harlem Renaissance. It changed the meaning of art and poetry, as it was known then. Furthermore, theRead More The Harlem Renaissance Essay1031 Words   |  5 PagesHARLEM RENAISSANCE Throughout the history of African Americans, there have been important historical figures as well as times. Revered and inspirational leaders and eras like, Martin Luther King and the Civil Rights Movement, Nat Turner and the slave revolt, or Huey Newton and the Black Panther Party. One such period that will always remain a significant part of black art and culture is the Harlem Renaissance. It changed the meaning of art and poetry, as it was known then. Furthermore, theRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance Of The 1920s1557 Words   |  7 Pagesnot until the evil intentions of slavery crossed mankind’s thoughts that hue became our downfall, our separator. White supremacy eroded the idea of equality, and darker hues began to symbolize worthlessness, inferiority, and ugliness. The Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s evoked the idea of black consciousness and pride. It was a movement established to express black literature, art, music, and culture. Blacks began to wear their dark hue like a badge of honor. Art, literature, and music became the

Innovator Free Essays

Innovation Ambassador 2 ?.?. 2549 ? (Bio-Business) . We will write a custom essay sample on Innovator or any similar topic only for you Order Now ? ? ? ? ? – ? ? – ? – – ? – ? – ? . ? ? ? ? ? ? . ? . ? ? . ? . – ? – – ? – ? – ? – – – – ? ? – ? ? ? ? ? ? 3 Innovation Ambassador 2006 ? ?. . . ? ? ? . ? – ? – – – – - – – ? – – ? ? ? – ? ? – ? ? ? – ? ? ? – ? – ? – ? – ? ? – – ? – – – – (Energy and Environment) ? . ? . ? . (Design and Branding) . – - – – AFM STM ? – (Embeded System) – ? – Innovation Ambassador 4 ?.?. 2549 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2 ? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 ? â€Å" † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. ? ? ? â€Å" † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 ? ? ? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 8 â€Å" † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 ? . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 13 ? †¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5 ? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 17 ? ? . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 19 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 21 ? . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 23 . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 25 . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 27 ? . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 29 . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 31 . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 35 . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 37 ? . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 39 ? . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 41 . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 43 . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 45 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 47 : 2549 2,000 ? ? ? ? ? 5 . ) ? ? â€Å" † ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? â€Å" † ? ? ? â€Å" † ? â€Å" † ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ( ) Innovation Ambassador 6 â€Å" † ? ? †¦ â€Å" † ? ? ? ? ? â€Å" † ? ? â€Å" † (. ) ? ? ? ? ? . â€Å" † ? ? ? ? ? ? ? . ? (. ) â€Å" † ( ? ) ? ? ? ? ? ? 7 â€Å" † ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? â€Å" † (. ) (Connecting Knowledge) . ? ? â€Å" † ? ? ? ? ? ? . ? ? ? ? ( . ) ? ? Innovation Ambassador 8 (. ?.?. 2548 77 ? ? . 99,469,950 ? 2,549,868,959 ? ? ? ? . â€Å" † ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? â€Å" † ? â€Å" † ?.?. ? ? 2549 ? ? ? ? â€Å" ?.?. 2549 ? ? â€Å" † (. ) ? ? ? ? ? 9 â€Å" (Innovation Ambassador)† ? : : ? . ? 2 . ) ? (technical support and financial support) ? ? ? 10,000 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4 ? ? ? ? ? ? . ? . . (Innovation Network) ? â€Å" † (Innovation Ambassador) ?.?. 2548 ? ? ? ? ? . ? â€Å" † ? ? ? ? â€Å" † (National Innovation System) Innovation Ambassador 10 1. â€Å" † ? ? ? ? 2. ? ? ? ? 3. â€Å" † 4. â€Å" † 1. 2. 3. 4. ? ? 5. â€Å" † ? â€Å" † ? 1. â€Å" † â€Å" ? ? ? ? † 10 1 2. â€Å" 3. ? ? 4. ? 5. 2 ? ? ? ? 6. 8. ? 7. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 11 â€Å" † ?.?. 2548 11 ? ? 1. Peripheral Blood Stem Cells (PBSC) 2. ? 3. Plastic ? Injection Mould Hot Runner ? ? ? 4. Filament Winding ? (LPG) ? 5. ? NGV ( 1) 6. ? 7. 8. 9. ? ? ? 10. ? ? 11. ? ? - †¦ ? ? 3,150,000 100,000 775,000 2,167,700 9,950,000 3,500,000 14,660,000 4,115,400 60,000 325,000 240,600 780,000 576,000 3,424,600 3,290,000 365,600 15,005,000 1,115,500 8,574,300 55,426,100 Innovation Ambassador 12 14 ? ? 1. ( ) ? 2. L-Quebrachitol ? ? ? 3. ? 4. ? 5. 6. NGV ( 2) ? 7. . ( ) 9. temephos zeolite granules non woven 10. 11. 12. â€Å"MasterKool New Touch† 13. 14. ? †¦ †¦  · ?  ·Ã‚    ®Ã¢â‚¬ ?  «? ‚ §v?  °Ã¢â‚¬Å"v ®Ã¢â‚¬Å" °Ã‚ °Ã¢â‚¬Å"v? — â€Å"? O? †¡ ’  ? †¡Ã‚  v‘  «Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚ µÃ‚ °vv? ?v– ®Ã¢â‚¬ ? ’ 2548 E ? ? ? BIO-BUSINESS ? ? ? ? ? 13 . Prof. Dr. Onanong Naivikul : : : : : 50 10900 ? 02-562 5023 : 02-562 5021 fagionn@ku. ac. th, fagionn@yahoo. com ?.?. 2514 ?.?. 2517 ?.?. 2520 .?. ( ) M. S. (Food Science), Tuskegee University, USA Ph. D. (Cereal Technology), North Dakota State University, USA . 30 ? ? ? ? ( ) ? ? ? ? ? . (. ) ? Potential World Market for Innovative Rice Business in Thailand) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Rice Food Innovation Ambassador 14 1. 2545 799 ? ? ? ? ? ? 2. 2545 867 ? ? ? ? ? ? 3. 2547 : 1. , ? ? 366 4. Vatanasuchart N, O Naivikul, S Charoenrein and K Sriroth (2005) Molecular Properties of Cassava Starch Modified with Different UV Irradiations to Enhance Baking Expansion. Carbohydrate Polymers. 61, 80-87. . Naivikul O and A Subsomboon (2004) Effect of Rice Varieties and Milling Processes on Rice Noodle Properties. Proceeding in the AACC / TIA Joint Meeting, San Diego, California, 347. 6. Naivikul O and N Sitachitta. (2004) Comparison of Various Properties Between Different Processes of Cooked White and Parboiled Frozen Rice. Proceeding AACC / TIA Joint Meeting. 22 September. San Diego, California, USA. 205. 7. Naivikul O and N Sitachitta (2003) Comparison the Quality of Commercial Parboiled Rice and Laboratory Processed by X-Ray Diffractometry and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The 2nd Conference on Starch Technology, Pattaya. 81-185. 8. Srisook S and O Naivikul (2003) Effect of Coating Substance on Texture and Retrograded Properties of Frozen Cooked Brown Rice Varieties. Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci. ) 37, 477-483. 9. Varavinit S, S Shobsngob, W Varanyanond, P Chinachoti and O Naivikul. (2003) Effect of Amylose Content on Gelatinization, Retrogradation and Pasting Properties of Flours from Different Cultivars of Thai Rice. Starch/St rke 55, 410-415. 10. Vatanasuchart N, O Naivikul, S Charoenrein and K Sriroth (2003) the Effects of Different UV Irradiations on Properties of Cassava Starch and Biscuit Expansion. Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci. ) 37, 334-344. 1. Chewangkul L, W Garnjanagoonchorn and O Naivikul (2002) the Effect of Steaming Time on Microstructural Changes of Instant Noodles. Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci . ) 36, 420-425. 12. Naivikul O, P Boonyasirikool, D Heangsawadi, K Jangchud, T Suwansichon and A Suksomboon (2002) Functional Snack Food. Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci. ) 36, 44-54. ? ? ? BIO-BUSINESS ? ? ? ? ? 15 Assist. Prof. Malee Simsrisakul : : ? : 1518 10800 ? ? : 02-913 2500-24 4725 : 02-587 8257 : mls@kmitnb. ac. th ?.?. 2528 .?. ( ) ?.?. 2534 .?. ( ) ? ? ? ? ? - ? ? ? GMP ? ? ? â€Å" † ? ? ? ? ? ? ? â€Å" OTOP† ? ? ? Rice Food Innovation Ambassador 16 1. 2545 ? ? 4 ? 31 – 1 2545 ? ? 2. 2546 ? 41 ? ? 3-7 2546 3. 2546 41 ? 3 ? 3-7 2546 4. 2546 5 ? 30-31 2546 ? 5. 2546 5 ? 30-31 2546 ? 6. . 2546 ? ? 5 ? 30-31 2546 ? 7. 2546 5 ? 30-31 ? 2546 ? ? ? BIO-BUSINESS ? ? ? ? ? 17 Mr. Vitoon Ruenglertpanyakul : : 6 - ? ? 10310 : 02-277 9380-1 : 02-277 9654 : vitoon. grennet@gmail. com ? .?. 2528 .?. ( ) ?.?. 2530 Postgraduate Diploma in Economics, University of New England, Australia ?.?. 2530 Master of Economics, University of New England, Australia ? ? ? ? ? ?.?. 534 â€Å" ? ? ? ? † ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?.?. 2539 ? â€Å" †? (. ) ? ? ? ? ? ? Grolink International Organic Accreditation Services (IOAS) ? ? ? ? Organic Farming Innovation Ambassador 18 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. International Organic Accreditation Services (IOAS) (?.?. 2536) ? ? (?.?. 2545) ? ? - (?.?. 2545) ? ? - (?.?. 2546) ? ? ? (?.?. 2546) ? ? (?.?. 2547) ? ? ? ? BIO-BUSINESS ? ? ? ? ? 19 . Assoc. Prof. Dr. Wichai Cherdshewasart : : : : : 10330 02-218 5033 : 02-218 5034 cwichai@sc. chula. ac. th ?.?. 518 ?.?. 2520 ?.?. 2529 ?.?. 2534 . ( ) . ( ) MSc. (Molecular Biology), Free University of Brussels, Belgium DSc. (Molecular Biology), Free University of Brussels, Belgium . 10 4 â€Å" (Pueparexx TM)† . ? ? ? ? ? â€Å"JOYCE† (brand establish) Herb Innovation Ambassador 20 1. (?.?. 2536) ? ? 2. (?.?. 2539) ? ? ? 3. Trisomboon H, S Malaivijitnond, G Watanabe, W Cherdshewasart and K Taya (2006) The estrogenic effect of Pueraria mirifica on gonadotropin levels in aged monkeys, Endocrine. 29, 129-134. 4. Cherdshewasart W, W Cheewasopit and P Picha (2004) Anti-proliferation Effects of the White (Pueraria mirifica), Red (Butea superba) and Black (Mucuna collettii) Kwao Krua Plants on the Growth of HeLa cells. J. Sci. Res. (Chulalongkorn University) 29, 27-32. . Cherdshewasart W and W Cheewasopit and P Picha (2004) the Differential Anti-proliferation Effect of the White (Pueraria mirifica), Red (Butea superba) and Black (Mucuna collettii) Kwao Krua Plants on the Growth of MCF-7 Cells. J. Ethnopharmacol. 93, 255-260. 6. Malaivijitnond S, P Kiathaipipat, W Cherdshewasart, G Watanabe, K Taya (2004) Different Effects of Pueraria mirifica, a Herb Containing Phytoestrogens, on LH and FSH Secretion in Gonadectomized Female and Male Rats. J. Pharmacol. Sci. 96, 428-435. 7. Cherdshewasart W (2003) Toxicity Tests of a Phytoestrogen-rich Herb; Pueraria mirifica. J. Sci. Res. (Chulalongkorn University) 28, 1-12. 8. Cherdshewasart W and N Nimsakul (2003) Clinical Trial of Butea superba, an Alternative Herbal Treatment for Erectile Dysfunction. Asian J. Androl. 5, 243-246. 9. Lee YS, JS Park, SD Cho, JK Son, W Cherdshewasart and KS Kang (2002) Requirement of Metabolic Activation for Estrogenic Activity of Pueraria mirifica. J. Vet. Sci. 3, 273-277. 10. Muangman V, W Cherdshewasart (2001) Clinical Trial of the Phytoestrogen-rich Herb, Pueraria mirifica as a Crude Drug in the Treatment of Symptoms in Menopausal Women. Siriraj Hospital Gazzette. 53, 300-309. 11. Roengsumran S, A Petsom, N Ngamrojanavanich, T Rugsilp, P Sittiwichienwong, P Khorphueng, W Cherdshewasart and C Chaichantipyuth (2000) Flavonoid and Flavonoid Glycoside from Butea superba Roxb. and their cAMP Phosphodiesterase Inhibitory Activity. J. Sci. Res. (Chulalongkorn University) 25, 169-176. ? ? ? BIO-BUSINESS ? ? ? ? ? 21 Mr. Sombat Wanauppathamkul : : : : : ? ? ? ? 549/2 10120 02-682 2064 : 02-294 4479 w_sombat@ilc-cosmetic. com sombaw9@cscoms. com ?.?. 2534 ?.?. 2537 .?. ( ) .?. ( ) (PERCH) ? ? 1610 ? ? ? ? ? 00 ? ? ? ? ? ? â€Å"BSC Pure Care† ? ? ? ? ? (PERCH) (NANOTEC) ? (encapsulation) (micro-emulsion) Herb Innovation Ambassador 22 1. Wanauppathamkul S, S Chaturonratsamee and W Chusattayanond, inventors; International Laboratories Corp. , Ltd. , Assignee (2004) the Use of Sacred Lotus Stamen Extract as Antioxidant in Drugs, Food Supplements and Cosmetics. Thai Petty Patent 1610: 27 December 2004. 2. Innovation: ? 18 (5,961), 17 2548, 10. 3. 4 (1,190), 17 2548, 2. 4. Suchalee Pongprasert. Cosmetics: Nanotechnology with Sacred Lotus Improves Skin Elasticity in Byteline Innovation: Business. The Nation 30 (50,665), January 10, 2005, 6B. 5. 16 2548. ? 6. Chanphen R, Y Thebtaranonth, S Wanauppathamkul and Y Yuthavong (1998) Antimalarial Principles from Artemisia indica. J. Nat. Prod. 61, 1146-1147. 7. Thebtaranonth C, Y Thebtaranonth, S Wanauppathamkul and Y Yuthavong (1995) Antimalarial Sequiterpenes from Tubers of Cyperus rotundus: Structure of 10,12-Peroxycalamenene, A Sesquiterpene Endoperoxide Phytochemistry. 0, 125-128. ? ? ? BIO-BUSINESS ? ? ? ? ? 23 . Dr. Usavadee Thavara : : : : : / (DIO) ? ? 88/7 11000 02-951 0000 99245 : 02-591 5449 usavadee@dmsc. moph. go. th ?.?. 2520 ?.?. 2522 ?.?. 2544 .?. ( ) .?. ( ) Ph. D. (Tropical Medicine) . ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ( ) ? . . . (269) ? . OTOP . ? Herb Innovation Ambassador 24 1. Thavara U, Tawatsin A, Srithommarat R, Zaim M and Mulla MS (2005) Se quential Release and Residual Activity of Temephos Applied as Sand Granuals to Water-storage Jars for the Control of Aedes aegypti larvae (Diptera: Culicidae). J. Vector. Ecol. 30, 1-10. 2. Siriyasatian P, K Tanthongchaiwiriya, N Jariyapan, S Kaewsaitian, Y Poovorawan and U Thavara (2005) Analysis of Salivary Gland Protiens of the Mosquito Armigeres subalbatus. Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health. 36, 64-67. 3. Thavara U, A Tawatsin, W Kong-ngamsuk and MS Mulla (2004) Efficacy and Longevity of a New Formulation of Temephos Larvicide Tested in Village-scale Trials against Aedes aegypti Larvae in Water-storage Containers. J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. 20, 176-182. 4. Thavara U, A Tawatsin and J Chompoosri (2004) Evaluation of Attractants and Egg-laying Substrate Preference for Oviposition by Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae). J. Vector. Ecol. 29, 66-72. 5. Mulla MS, U Thavara, A Tawatsin and J Chompoosri (2004) Procedures for Evaluation of Field Efficacy of Slow-release Formulations of Larvicides against Aedes aegypti in Water-storage Containers. J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. 20, 64-73. 6. Mulla MS, U Thavara, A Tawatsin, J Chompoosri, M Zaim and T Su (2003) Laboratory and Field Evaluation of a New Acylurea Insect Growth Regulator against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). J. Vector. Ecol. 28, 241-254. 7. Mulla MS, U Thavara, A Tawatsin, J Chompoosri and T Su (2003) Emergence of Resistance and Resistance Management in Field Populations of Tropical Culex quinquefasciatus to the Microbial Control Agent Bacillus sphaericus. J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. 19, 39-46. 8. Nagao Y, U Thavara, P Chitnumsup, A Tawatsin, C Chansang and D Campbell-Lendrum (2003) Climatic and Social Risk Factors for Aedes Infestation in Rural Thailand. Trop. Med. Int. Hlth. 8, 650-659. 9. Sriwichai P, D Nacapunchai, S Pasuralertsakul, Y Rongsriyam and U Thavara (2002) Survey of Indoor Cockroaches in Some Dwellings in Bangkok. Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health. 33 (Suppl 3), 36-40. 10. Thavara U, A Tawatsin and J Chompoosri. Phytochemicals as Repellents against Mosquitoes in Thailand. 2002. Proceedings International Conference on Biopesticides 3, April 21-26, 2002, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 44-250. 11. Tawatsin A, U Thavara and J Chompoosri. Field Evaluation of Mosquito Coils Derived from Plants against Night-biting Mosquitoes in Thailand. Proceedings International Conference on Biopesticides 3, April 21-26, 2002, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 214-220. ? ? ? BIO-BUSINESS ? ? ? ? ? 25 . Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ploenpit Boochathum : : : : : ? 1 10140 ? ? 0 2-470 8909 : 02-470 8900 ploenpit. boo@kmutt. ac. th ?.?. 2525 ?.?. 2528 ?.?. 2536 .?. ( ) .?. ( ) D. Eng (Polymer), Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan . ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? (water-based adhesive) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Rubber Innovation Ambassador 26 1. Boochathum P and S Kerdpoka, in the title of â€Å"New Additive for Properties Enhancement of Rubber Products Prepared from Waste PET Bottles† Petty Patent No. 1803 date issue 13 May 2005. 2. Boochathum P, in the title of â€Å"Modified natural rubber as an efficient resin for heavy-metal removal† Patent submitted. 3. Boochathum P, I the title of â€Å"Water based adhesive using functional natural rubber latex† Patent submitted. 4. Boochathum P and S Jurawadee (2003) Silica-filled Functional Natural Rubber. 164th Meeting of the Rubber Division, American Chemical Society, Cleveland, OH, 14-17 October 2003, USA. 5. Boochathum P, S Tansuwan, S Angkaew and S Tengrang (2003) Functional Natural Rubber Prepared in situ Ozonolysis of Latex. 8th Pacific Polymer Conference, Bangkok, 24-27 November, 2003, Thailand. 6. Boochathum P (2002) Evidence for Relationships Among Mobilized Phase, Rigid Phase and Crosslink Density In Carbon Black-filled Rubber, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15-16 July 2002. 7. Boochathum P and S Tansuwan (2002) New Coupling Agents Applicable for Carbon/Silica Dual Phase Filler Incorporated into Natural Rubber. IUPAC World Polymer Congress 2002, 39th International Symposium on Macromolecules, 7-12 July 2002, China. 8. Boochathum P and S Danchaloemwong (2001) Carbon Black-Filled ACM/NR Blends: Interaction Characteristics and Processability. 27th Congress on Science and Technology of Thailand, 16-18 Oct. 001, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 286-287. 9. Boochathum P and S Tansuwan (2001) New Plasticizer for The Processing Of Rubber Products. 27th Congress on Science and Technology of Thailand, 16 -18 Oct, 2001, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 286-287. 10. , , â€Å" ? ? ? ? † 0303000428 7 2546 ? ? ? ? ? ? 11. , â€Å" † 0403001048 27 25 47 ? ? ? ? BIO-BUSINESS ? ? ? ? ? 27 . Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jitladda Sakdapipanich : : : 6 10400 ? 4 73170 02-889 3116 : 02-889 3116 scjtp@mahidol. ac. th : : ?.?. 2532 ?.?. 2537 ?.?. 2539 .?. ( ) M. Eng. (Chemical Engineer), Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan Ph. D. (Chemical Engineer), Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan . ? ? ? ? â€Å" † ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ( ) ( ) ? ? ? L-Quebrachitol ? ? ? ? ? ? ? (epoxidation) ? ? Rubber Innovation Ambassador 28 1. ?.?. 2546 ? ? 2. ?.?. 2545 ? ? 3. , â€Å" ? † 24 .?. 47 091845 ? ? ? ? ? ( ) ? ? 4. Sakdapipanich JT (2005) â€Å"Protein-Decomposed Natural Rubber, Manufacturing Method Thereof, and Composite Thereof† PCT patent pending 5. Tanaka Y, JT Sangpakdee, Y Miyamoto, M Hiyashi, E Kanamura and T Mihara, Method of Producing Particulate Natural Rubber. US Patent 6,025,451 6. Sakdapipanich JT, P Suksawad and K Insom (2005) Preparation of Funtionalized Low Molecular-weight Natural Rubber Latex Using Solid Nanometric TIO2 as a Photocatalyst. Rubber Chem. Tech. 78, 597-605. 7. Tarachiwin L, JT Sangpakdee, K Ute, T Kitayama, T Bamba, E Fukusaka, A Kobayashi and Y Tanaka (2005) Structural Characterization of alpha-Terminal Group of the Natural Rubber-1. Decomposition of Branch-points by Lipase and Phosphatase Treatment-. Biomacromolecules, 6, 1851-1857. 8. Tarachiwin L, JT Sangpakdee, K Ute, T Kitayama and Y Tanaka (2005) Structural Characterization of alpha-Terminal Group of the Natural Rubber- 2. Decomposition of Branch-points by Phospholipase and Chemical Treatment-. Biomacromolecules, 6, 1858-1863. 9. Tarachiwin L, JT Sangpakdee and Y Tanaka (2005) Relationship between Particle Size and Molecular Weight of Rubber from Hevea Brasiliensis. Rubber Chem. Tech. 78, 694-704. 10. Tarachiwin L, JT Sangpakdee and Y Tanaka (2005) Structure and Origin of Long-chain Branching and Gel in Natural Rubber. Kautschuk Gummi Kunststoffe. 8, 115-122. 11. Mekkriengkrai D, T Sando, K Hirooka, JT Sakdapipanich, Y Tanaka, E Fukusaki and A Kobayashi (2004) Cloning and Characterization of Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase in Lactarius chrysorrheus Mushroom. Biosci. Biotechnol. and Biochem. 68, 2360-2368. 12. Mekkriengkrai D, K Ute, E Swiezewska, T Chojnacki, Y Tanaka and JT Sakdapipanich (2004) Structural Characterization of Rubber from Jackfruit and Euphorbia as a Model of Natural Rubber. Biomacromolecules. 5, 2013-2019. ? ? ? BIO-BUSINESS ? ? ? ? ? 29 . Assoc. Prof. Dr. Napavarn Noparatnaraporn : : : : : 50 10900 ? 02-579 4787 : 02-579 4787 napavarn@gmail. com ?.?. 2514 ?.?. 2516 ?.?. 2538 ?.?. 2543 .?. ( ) .?. ( ) D. Eng. (Fermentation Technology), Hiroshima University, Japan . (photo ? synthetic bacteria; PSB) ? ? ? ? ? ? . . . ( ) ? . ? (feed additive) ? ? ? ? Biotechnology Innovation Ambassador 30 1. 39-40 (?.?. 2548) 2. (?.?. 2547) ? ? ? ? 3. 42 - ? ? ? ? â€Å" (?.?. 2547) ? 4. Best Poster Award â€Å"The Tenth International Congress for Culture Collections† Hongoh Y, M Ohkuma, S Trakulnaleamsai, P Deevong, T Inoue, C Vongkhaluang, ? ? N Noparatnaraporn and T Kudo Novel (sub)divisional Lineages of Bacteria Found from the Gut of Termites. (?.?. 2548) 5. Deevong P, Y Hongoh, T Inoue, S Trakulnaleamsai, T Kudo, N Noparatnaraporn and M Ohkuma (2006) Effect of Temporal Sample Preservation on Molecular Study of Complex Microbi al Community in the Gut of the Termite Microcerotermes sp. Microbes Environ. 21, In press 6. Hongoh Y, L Ekpornprasit, T Inoue, S Moriya, S Trakulnaleamsai, M Ohkuma, N Noparatnaraporn and T Kudo (2006) Intra – Colony Variation of Bacterial Gut Microbiota among Castes and Ages in the Fungus – Growing Termite Macrotermes gilvus. Mol. Ecol. 15, 505-516. 7. Sasaki K, M Watanabe, Y Suda, A Ishizuk and N Noparatnaraporn (2005) Applications of Photosynthetic Bacteria for Medical Fields. J. Biosci. Bioeng. 96, 481-488. 8. Moriya S, T Inoue, M Ohkuma, T Yaovapa, T Johjima, P Suwannarit, U Sangwanit, C Vongkaluang, N Noparatnaraporn and T Kudo (2005) Fungus Community Analysis of Fungus Gardens in Termite Nests. Microbe. Environ. 20, 243-252. 9. Thongaram T, Y Hongoh, S Kosono, M Ohkuma, S Trakulnaleamsai, N Noparatnaraporn and T Kudo (2005) Comparison of Bacterial Communities of the Alkaline Gut Segment among Various Species of Higher Termites. Extremophiles. 9, 229-238. 10. Inoue T, Y Hongoh, C Klangkaew, Y Takematsu, C Vongkaluang, N Noparatnaraporn, M Ohkuma and T Kudo (2005) Plasticity and Specificity of Termite Nest Structure. Sociobiology. 45, 671-678. ? ? ? BIO-BUSINESS ? ? ? ? ? 31 . Assoc. Prof. Dr. Suwabun Chirachanchai : : : : 10330 02-218 4134 : 02-889 3116 csuwabun@chula. ac. th ?.?. 2532 ?.?. 2534 ?.?. 2538 B. Eng. (Applied Fine Chemistry), Osaka University, Japan M. Eng. (Applied Fine Chemistry), Osaka University, Japan Ph. D. (Applied Fine Chemistry), Osaka University, Japan . ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ( ) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? . (. ) - (GTZ) (roadmap) (bio-polymer) Biotechnology Innovation Ambassador 32 1. Jap an Society for ? ? the Promotion of Science ?.?. 2548-2550 2. ?.?. 2547 ? 3. Fungangwalwong C, M Akashi, T Kida and S Chirachanchai â€Å"One-pot Synthesis in Aqueous System for Water-soluble Chitosan-graft-Poly (Ethylene Glycol ) Methyl Ether†, Biopolymer, in press. 4. Gosalawit R, S Chirachanchai, H Manuspiya and E Traversa â€Å"Krytox-Silica-Nafion† Composite Membrane: A Hybrid System for Maintaining Proton Conductivity in A Wide Range of Operating Temperature†, Catalysis Today, in press. . Phongtamrug S, M Miyata and S Chirachanchai (2005) Concerted Contribution of Cu-O Coordination and Hydrogen Bonds in N,N-Bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)alkylamine-copper-solvent System. Chem. Lett. 34, 634-635. 6. Phongtamrug S, B Pulpoka and S Chirachanchai (2004) Inclusion Compounds Formed from N,N-Bis (2-hydroxybenzyl) alkylamine Derivatives and Transition Metal Ions via Molecular Assembly. Supramol. Chem. 16, 269-278. 7. Yoksan R, M Akashi, M Miyata and S Chirachanchai (2004) Optimal g-Ray Dose and Irradiation Conditions for Producing Low-Molecular-Weight Chitosan that Retains its Chemical Structure. Radiat. Res. 161, 471-480. 8. Phongtamrug S, B Pulpoka and S Chirachanchai (2004) Inclusion Compounds Formed from N,N-Bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)alkylamine Derivatives and Transition Metal Ions via Molecular Assembly. Supramol. Chem. 16, 269-278. 9. Yoksan R, M Akashi, M Miyata and S Chirachanchai (2004) Optimal g-Ray Dose and Irradiation Conditions for Producing Low-Molecular-Weight Chitosan that Retains its Chemical Structure. Radiation Research. 161, 471-480. 10. Yoksan R, M Matsusaki, M Akashi and S Chirachanchai (2004) Controlled Hydrophobic/ Hydrophilic Chitosan: Colloidal Phenomena and Nanosphere Formation. Colloid Polym. Sci. , 282, 337-342. 11. Laobuthee A, H Ishida and S Chirachanchai (2003) Metal Ion Guest Responsive Benzoxazine Dimers and Inclusion Phenomena of Cyclic Derivatives. J. Incl. Phenom. Macro. 47, 179-185. 12. Yoksan R, M Akashi, K Hiwatari and S Chirachanchai (2003) Controlled Hydrophobic/hydrophilicity of Chitosan for Spheres without Specific Processing Technique. Biopolymers. 69, 386-390. 13. Laobuthee A, S Chirachanchai, H Ishida and K Tashiro (2001) Asymmetric Mono-oxazine: An Inevitable Product from Mannich Reaction of Benzoxazine Dimers. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123, 9947-9955. 14. Yoksan R, M Akashi, S Biramontri and S Chirachanchai (2001) Hydrophobic Chain Conjugation at Hydroxyl Group onto g-Ray Irradiated Chitosan. Biomacromolecules. 2, 1038-1044. ? ? ? BIO-BUSINESS ? ? ? ? ? 33 . Dr. Rath Pichyangkura : : : : : 10330 02-218 5416-7 : 02-218 5418 prath@chula. ac. th ?.?. 2531 .?. ( ) 1 ?.?. 2539 Ph. D. (Biochemistry), Michigan State University, USA . - ? ? (anti-bacteria) (absorption) ? ? ? ? . . ( ) ? ? ? ? ? ? (cell metrix) ? ? ? ? ? (oligosaccharide) ? ? ? ? Biotechnology Innovation Ambassador 34 1. (?.?. 2531) ? 2. Supungul P, S Klinbunga, R Pichyangkura, I Hirono, T Aoki and A Tassanakajon (2004) Antimicrobial Peptides Discovered in the Black Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus Monodon) using the EST Approach. Dis. Aquat. Organ. 61, 123-135. 3. Sashiwa H, S Fujishima, N Yamano, N Kawasaki, A Nakayama, E Muraki, M Sukwattanasinitt, R Pichyangkura and S Aiba (2003) Enzymatic Production of N-acetyl -D-glucosamine from Chitin: Degradation Study of N-acetylchitoolidosaccharide and the Effect of Mixing of Crude Enzyme. Carbohydrate Polymers. 51, 391-395. . Supungul P, S Klinbunga, R Pichyangkura, S Jitrapakdee, I Hirono, T Aoki and A Tassanakajon (2002) Identification of Immune-related Genes in Hemocytes of Black Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon). Mar. Biotechnol (NY). 4, 487-494. 5. Pichyangkura R, S Kudan, K Kuttiyawong, M Sukwattanasinitt and S Aiba (2002) Quantitative Production of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose from Crystalline Chitin by Bacterial Chitinase. Carbohyd. Res. 337, 557-559. 6. Mekkriengkrai P, S Chairachanchai and R Pichyangkura (2000) Enzymatic Degradation of Chitosan Using Staphylococcus species Strain TU005(E) Chitanase. Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals. 10, 23-26. 7. Tal-Singer R, R Pichyangkura, E Chung, TM Lasner, BP Randazzo, JQ Trojanowski, NW Fraser and SJ Triezenberg (1999) the Transcriptional Activation Domain of VP16 is Required for Efficient Infection and Establishment of Latency by HSV-1 in the Murine Peripheral and Central Nervous Systems. Virology. 259, 20-33. 8. Moriuchi H, M Moriuchi, R Pichyangkura, SJ Triezenberg, SE Straus and JI Cohen (1995) Hydrophobic Cluster Analysis Predicts an Amino-terminal Domain of Varicella-zoster Virus Open Reading Frame 10 Required for Transcriptional Activation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 92, 9333-9337. 9. Koelle DM, L Corey, RL Burke, RJ Eisenberg, GH Cohen, R Pichyangkura and SJ Triezenberg (1994) Antigenic Specificities of Human CD4+ T-cell Clones Recovered from Recurrent Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Lesions. J. Virol. 68, 2803-2810. ? ? ? BIO-BUSINESS ? ? ? ? ? 35 . Dr. Sorawit Powtongsook : : : : : 2 ? ? ? 10330 02-218 5279 : 02-254 7680 sorawit@biotec. or. th, sorawit_powtongsook@yahoo. com ?.?. 2532 ?.?. 2536 ?.?. 2541 .?. ( ) .?. ( ) Ph. D. (Molecular Biology and Biotechnology), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom. . ? ? ? ? ? ? . ) â€Å" ? ? † ? ? ? ? ? ? ? . ? ? ? ? ? ? ? (tubular denitrification reactor) How to cite Innovator, Papers

Domestic Violence Essay Research Paper Womens Studies free essay sample

Domestic Violence Essay, Research Paper Womans? s Studies 210 Analytic Response # 2 Domestic force and sexual assault are two hard things to specify. I define domestic force as any unwanted physical contact from a important other. Significant other being fellow, girlfriend, sexual spouse, or partner. I define sexual assault as any unwanted sexual contact. This could be colza or it could be an uninvited touch. The article? Domestic Violence: What? s Love Got to make With It? ? is a personal history of one incident of domestic force that changed the writer? s life. She won? t even give her full name because of her fright. She points out in the article her feeling of incredulity as her important other, she refers to him as Ten, slammed her caput on the concrete. She besides points out how the constabulary were really unhelpful and uncompassionate to her. The officer did non take into history that she was stunned and confused every bit good as physically injured from the incident. We will write a custom essay sample on Domestic Violence Essay Research Paper Womens Studies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He asked her inquiries in an angry tone of voice and even threatened to collar her for disorderly behavior. After the incident her life was non the same. Her jaw became disjointed, she tried to press charges but they were reduced because she did non press them on the scene, and she could non even sit through a film with her friend. Her friends wear? T believe the incident is every bit serious as it is, and X is distributing rumours about her. It seems that everyone is on his side. She admits that she is afraid of work forces. Basically, this article shows how a individual incident of domestic force can destroy person? s life. The article? Men Changing Work force? high spots the Oakland Men? s Undertaking, a group dedicated to halting male force, racism, and homophobia. Racism is the belief, attitude, action, or institutional construction that subordinates a individual or group because of their race. Homophobia is the irrational fright of and ill will toward cheery work forces, tribades, or bisexuals. The group tries to demo how society? s definition of maleness leads work forces to force. Masculinity is the set of copper ltural values, psychological properties, and societal activities that a society has defined as normative for work forces. One of the activities that they do is demo an brush between an angry male parent and his boy to schoolchildren. When they asked the male childs what they learned from the brush, the answer was? a adult male is tough, a adult male is in control, a adult male doesn? T cry. ? These phrases are portion of society? s definition of maleness. They point out to the male childs that it is really unsafe to populate that manner. The OMP besides does another exercising. They ask a group of work forces assorted inquiries that fit society? s definition of maleness, such as? Have you of all time been called a chicken? ? or? Have you of all time made a remark in public about a adult female? s organic structure? ? This gives work forces a opportunity to look at how unsafe society? s definition of maleness truly is. There is a connexion between this type of force and sexism. Sexism is the belief, attitude, action, or institutional construction that subordinates a individual or group because of their sex. As pointed out in the article, the belief that one sex is low-level to the other allows for force against the low-level sex. Excuses such as force against adult females is natural are used to warrant the force. Sexism must be eradicated in order to halt male force. The relationship between homophobia and force is similar to the connexion between force and sexism. As I pointed out earlier, homophobia is the irrational fright of and ill will toward cheery work forces, tribades, or bisexuals. Wordss like? homosexual? and? fagot? acquire really hostile reactions from homophobic work forces. This irrational ill will can take to violence because that? s one of the ways work forces are taught to react, as pointed out in the article. Our current building of maleness impacts these connexions. The exercising with the immature male childs shows that males are taught maleness at a really immature age. Their responses, ? Work force are in control, Men wear? t call? , impact the manner these male childs live. Work forces are taught to conceal emotions and merely demo anger. It should be no surprise that they sometimes act violently.